PROVERB, pepatah ala English

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Mungkin kamu pernah mendengar “Time is money”? Nah, kalimat tersebut merupakan PROVERB atau kalau people +62 bilang PEPATAH/PERIBAHASA. Proverb tadi bila diterjemahkan ke Indonesian berarti “waktu itu uang”. Kalimat singkat ini mengandung makna yang sangat dalam. Dari peribahasa itu, orang – orang harus menggunakan waktu sebaik – baiknya untuk hal yang berguna dan jangan membuang waktu dengan hal yang sia – sia.
Jadi, bila diambil kesimpulan, PROVERB/PEPATAH/PERIBAHASA merupakan kalimat singkat yang terdiri dari beberapa kata yang disusun sedemikian rupa yang mengandung makna yang sangat dalam dan disesuaikan dengan kebudayaan dari masyarakat yang menjadi tempat kelahiran dari suatu PROVERB/PEPATAH/PERIBAHASA.
Jika masih belum mengerti dengan apa itu PROVERB, mari baca materi berikut ini!
A.     DEFINITION.
Terdapat beberapa definisi dari PROVERB bersumber dari beberapa pandangan para ahli, Such as :
1.       Wikipedia.
A proverb is a simple and concrete saying popularly known and repeated, which expresses a truth, based on common sense or practical experience of Humanity.
Dari yang penulis pahami, definisi PROVERB menurut Wikipedia bisa diartikan sebagai sebuah kalimat sederhana dan lengkap yang telah diketahui banyak orang dan diucapkan diulang – ulang, dimana kalimat tersebut diucapkan berdasarkan suatu kebenaran umum dan pengalaman manusia. Bila pengertian dari penulis ini salah, tolong dikoreksi ya! :)
2.       Oxford’s Advanced Learner Dictionary.
Proverb is a well-known phrase or sentence that gives advice or says something that is generally truth.
Bila penulis artikan, definisi PROVERB disini diartikan sebagai kalimat yang telah diketahui dengan baik yang memberikan nasihat atau mengatakan sesuatu yang umumnya benar – benar terjadi atau fakta sebenarnya.

B.      CHARACTERISTICS.
Karakteristik dari PROVERB yaitu :
  1. Proverbs can be as short as two words. In addition, the full forms of popular longer proverbs are often replaced by elliptical allusions.
  2. Proverbs use prosodic devices that enhance their memorability, especially rhyme, alliteration, parallelism, as ellipsis.
  3. Proverbs often use simple rhetorical devices, metaphor, hyperbole, paradox, and personification.

C.      STRUCTURES.
Proverb doesn’t have the common generic structures. It just likes what someone say to other one. It make from the reality experience of someone and the cultures of that country. But, if we see from the grammar side, proverb has the structures, such as :
1)      Use imperative sentence. Proverbs use positive imperative to give the advice for people, and use negative imperative to warn people to don’t do something.
2)      Use parallel structures. Parallel structure means using the same pattern of words to show that two or more words or ideas are equal importance.
3)      Use declarative sentence. Declarative sentences are simply statements that relay information.
D.     THE KINDS
There are many kinds of Proverb. They are :
1.       Aphorism. This proverb offers device.
Ex : Don’t go too far in small (Persoalan kecil jangan dibesarkan).
2.       Parable. This proverb has amoral lesson and also has parable.
Ex : To carry coal to Newcastle (Bagai membuang garam ke laut).
3.       Slogan. This proverb give spirit or motivation.
Ex : Early bird get worm (Siapa yang bangun lebih awal akan mendapatkan rezeki).
4.       Idiom. This proverb
E.      PURPOSE OR SOCIAL FUNCTION
Social function of Proverb are :
  1. Proverb have a function to teaching, enlightening, and persuading people. Proverbs play many roles in society. The most common role is to educate on what might happen if they do something. A proverb contains wisdom, truth, morals, and traditional views.
  2. Proverb has been and remains a most powerful and effective instrument for the transmission of culture, social morality, manner, and ideas of a people from one generation to another. The proverbs deal with knowledge, experience, hard work, and human relations.
  3. Proverb and provebial sayings have for centuries been equally popular with all nations, despite their regional diversities, and crearly, for the impact the have made.
  4. Proverb can be used to tech people, give them some advice, help in difficult situations, show people what the most important thins in life, and show the proper way in life.
  5. Proverbs are very often used in personal interaction.
  6. Proverb can also be used mock someone or criticize.

F.      THE EXAMPLES
Ada banyak contoh dari PROVERB yang bisa kita gunakan dalam percakapan sehari – hari tergantung dari konteks dan permasalahan dari pembicaraan yang dilakukan. Setiap PROVERB memiliki makna yang berbeda – beda dan memiliki asal usul yang berbeda juga tergantung dari kondisi kehidupan masyarakat sekitar.
Berikut adalah contoh – contoh dari Proverb
THE PEN IS MIGHTIER THAN THE SWORD
The meaning of that proverb is trying to convince people with ideas and words is more effective than trying to force people to do what you want.


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